The Current State Of HIV/AIDS IN GHANA AND Antiretroviral TREATMENT.

CURRENT STATE OF HIV/AIDS IN GHANA
According to Ghana AIDS Commission, people living with HIV in Ghana amount to a total of THREE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FOUR ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY  (364120) in Ghana as of December 2022. A percentage of 34 Male and 66 FEMALE. A program named 95-95-95 was launched this year for Ghana to end HIV by 2035. The current state of HIV/AIDS in Ghana indicates that 71% of the people living with HIV know their STATUS, 99% people with diagnosed HIV infection received sustained Antiretroviral therapy, and 79% of people receiving Antiretroviral therapy retain oral suppression.
In the first half of the year 2022, the National STIs and HIV/AIDS Control Program reported a total of 23495 HIV infections in Ghana.
Young people age 13 to 24 years are among those at risk for HIV as a result of numerous social, biological, and behavioral factors. Research shows that adolescents, youth, and men who have sex with dudes are at a higher risk of getting STIs and HIV infections.
People who have sexually transmitted infection may be at higher risk of getting HIV infection. In 1999 a survey of sex staffers in Tema and Accra exhibited  74.2% among the condition street-based sex workers and 27.2% among the home-based roamer and those with multiple sex counterparts. Surveyed by UNAIDS; Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS, UNICEF-WFP-WHO-WORLD BANK update in 2004. The total outcome of the survey indicates that young boys and girls aged 13 to 24 years have a greater portion of the HIV pandemic and Sexually transmitted diseases. Females age 13 to 49 years carry the greatest percentage of STIs and HIV prevalence in Ghana with over 20000 new cases every year. ( Owusu,2022).
Dr. Atuahene, the Director General of the Ghana AIDS Commission at the twin launch of the commission's 20th-anniversary celebration and 2022 World AIDS Day commemoration in Accra early this year said; ‘ while high-risk behavior had become increasingly pervasive in the Ghanaian society, preventive protocols were least exemplary by individuals Ghanaians’. These behaviors have given birth to a high number of new infections an average of 21000 annually over the last five years. Dr. Atuahene said adolescent girls and young females accounted for 20% of total new infections that occurred in 2021 were unattended.
TRANSMISSION: According to research most people get HIV and STI infections through anal sex, vagina sex, sharing of needles, drug equipment, and other activities like body fluid, breast milk, semen (cum), blood, pre-seminal and vagina sap. These saps must come in contact with a mucous membrane or damaged tissues or be directly infiltrated into the bloodstream. Mucous membranes lay the first stone inside the vagina, penis, rectum, and mouth. The Program Manager of the Ghana National AIDS Control Program (NACP), Dr. Stephen Ayisi Addo substantially linked the country's high rate of HIV/AIDS transmission to female sex workers and the public low usage of contraceptives and other family planning techniques.
PRECLUDING: Recently, more preventive mechanisms are available to deprive HIV infection. Absence from sex, stop having multiple sex backers, use a condom, and use HIV prevention medicines such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). If you have an HIV infection, there are many actions you can take to prevent transmission to others.
TESTING: Knowing your HIV status give you powerful information to keep you and your partner healthy lifestyle. There are 3 types of HIV tests. Antibody test; self-testing using a rapid test kit, available at many pharmacy shops and health facilities.
Antigen/Antibody test: done at the laboratory taking up blood samples from your veins.
And the Nucleic Acid Test; draws blood from your veins and sends the samples to the laboratory. All various types of examinations are cost-free at any government healthcare provider or facility.
Ending HIV/AIDS 

In the 90, the first breakthrough in curbing this virus was introduced that is the ‘antiretroviral therapy’. The expectation was to prolong the lives  and to eradicate the virus. Nonetheless, this expectation was cut short, it was short-lived as the virus began to marshal it forces against this medication by changing its genetic structure. It commenced resisting the effect of the medication. This was not the news scientist were anticipating. People started getting afraid of the virus because it was more like athe death sentence, no medicine could be able to combat it. 
At the end of 2021, 28.7 million people were receiving antiretroviral therapy worldwide. HIV medication resistance can make a consensus on the cogency of antiretroviral medications in reducing HIV incidences of HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. 
Global Health Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS
The Seventy-Fifth World Health Assembly noted with appreciation the new Global Health Sector Strategies on, respectively, HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections for the period 2022-2030 (GHSS) and approved its implementation for the next 8 years. The new strategies propose a common vision to end epidemics and advance universal health coverage, primary health care and health security in a world where all people have access to high-quality, evidence-based and people-centred health services. The GHSS promote the disease-specific goals to end AIDS and the epidemics of viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections by 2030, with 5 strategic directions providing the overall guiding framework for achieving these goals.

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